消防水泵是通過離心葉輪的自動旋轉將能量傳遞給排水，進而**水的機械能和壓力能，并把其傳至自動滅火裝置處，以達到各種各樣自動滅火裝置的用水量和壓力需求，這是消防給水系統軟件的心血管。現階段，消防給水系統軟件中采用的水泵多見離心水泵，由于該類水泵具備應用領域廣、型號規格多、供電持續、可自由調整流量等優勢。

　　這兒的消防水泵主要是指水滅火系統中的消防給水泵，如消防泵、穩壓泵、消防安全轉輸泵等。

　　今日來跟大伙兒探討一下“消防水泵的安裝需求”的有關知識要點。

　　一、一般規定

　　1、消防水泵的特性應達到消防給水系統軟件需要流量和負擔的規定。

　　2、消防水泵所配驅動的輸出功率應達到選定水泵流量水泵揚程特性曲線圖上任意一點運作需要效率的標準。

　　3、當選用電機推動的消防水泵時，應選用電機干試組裝的消防水泵。

　　4、消防水泵應干試組裝，水泵應存放在蓄水池以外，不可以選用潛水泵立即置放在水中開展吸水。

　　5、流量水泵揚程特性曲線圖應是無駱駝峰、無轉折點的光潔曲線圖，零流量時的工作壓力不應超過設計工作工作壓力的140%，且宜超過設計工作工作壓力的120%。

　　6、當出流量為設計方案流量的150%時，其出口貿易工作壓力不應小于設計工作工作壓力的65%。7.泵軸的密封方式和資料應達到消防水泵在低流量時運行的需求。

　　8、消防給水同一泵組的消防水泵型號規格宜一致，且運行泵不能超出3臺。

　　9、幾臺消防水泵并接時，應校對流量累加對消防水泵出入口工作壓力的危害。

　　二、水泵設定規定

　　1、消防水泵的具體材料應合乎以下要求：水泵機殼宜為球墨鑄件;離心葉輪宜為黃銅或不銹鋼板。

　　2、消防水泵應采用自灌式吸水。

　　3、消防水泵從市政管網立即打水時，應在消防水泵出水口上安裝有氣體裝修隔斷的倒流防止器。

　　4、當吸水口處無吸水井時，吸水口處應設定旋流防止器

　　5、一組消防水泵，吸水管不應低于兩根，當這其中一條毀壞或維修時，其他吸水管應仍能通過所有消防給水設計方案流量。

　　6、消防水泵吸水管布局應防止產生氣襄，

　　7、一組消防水泵應設不少于兩個的通水干管與消防給水配水管網聯接，當這其中一條供水管道維修時，其它供水管道應仍能提供所有消防給水設計方案流量。

　　8、消防水泵吸水口的吞沒深層應達到消防水泵在**水位運作安全的規定，吸水管底口在消防蓄水池*少合理水位線下的吞沒深層應依據吸水管底口的水流速度和水力發電標準明確，但不應低于600mm，當選用旋流防止器時，吞沒深層不應低于200mm。

　　9、消防水泵的吸水管上應設定消防閘閥或帶自鎖機構的碟閥，但當設定明桿閘閥時要配有打開標尺和標示;當管經超出DN300時，宜設定電動調節閥。

　　10、消防水泵的出水口應該設逆止閥、消防閘閥;當選用碟閥時，應含有自鎖機構;當管經超過DN300時，宜設定電動調節閥。

　　11、消防水泵吸水管的孔徑低于DN250時，其流動速度宜為1.0m/s～1.2m/s;孔徑超過DN250時，宜為1.2m/s～1.6m/s。

　　12、消防水泵出水口的孔徑低于DN250時，其流動速度宜為1.5m/s～2.0m/s;孔徑超過DN250時，宜為2.0m/s～2.5m/s。

　　13、吸水井的布局應達到井內流水暢順、流動速度勻稱、不造成渦漩的規定，并應有利于安裝施工。

　　14、消防水泵的吸水管、出水量管道穿越墻體時，應選用剛性防水套管;當穿越重生墻面和混凝土樓板時，防水套管長短不應低于墻體厚度，或應超出樓板或地板50mm。

　　15、消防水泵的吸水管穿越重生消防蓄水池時，應選用防水套管;選用防水套管時要在水泵吸水管上設定柔性接頭，且管經不應超過DN150。

　　16、消防水泵吸水管可設定管路過濾器，管路過濾器的浸水總面積應超過管路焯水總面積的4倍，且直徑不適合低于3mm。

　　三、柴油發動機消防水泵

　　1、柴油發動機消防水泵應選用壓縮式打火型柴油發動機。

　　2、柴油發動機的額定電壓應校對平均海拔和溫度對柴油發動機輸出功率的危害。

　　3、柴油發動機消防水泵應具有連續工作的特性，實驗運行時間不應低于24h。

　　4、柴油發動機消防水泵的電瓶應確保消防水泵隨時隨地全自動啟泵的規定。

　　5、柴油發動機消防水泵的供機油箱應依據火災延續時間明確，且機油箱*少有效容積應按1.5L/kW配備，柴油發動機消防水泵機油箱內貯存的然料不應低于50%的儲藏量。

　　四、備用泵設定

　　消防水泵應設定備用泵，其特性應與工作中泵特性一致，但以下工程建筑以外：

　　1)建筑密度低于54m的住房和戶外消防給水設計方案流量不大于25L/s的工程建筑。

　　2)房間內消防給水設計方案流量不大于10L/s的工程建筑。

　　五、別的規定

　　1、一組消防水泵應在消防水泵屋內設定流量和穩定性測試設備，并應合乎以下要求：

　　1)每臺消防給水泵的流量不得超過20L/s、設計工作壓力不大于0.50MPa時，泵組應預埋精確測量用流量計和真空壓力表插口，別的泵組宜設定泵組流量和穩定性測試設備。

　　2)消防水泵流量檢測裝置的計算精密度應是0.4級，**量程的75%應超過較大一臺消防水泵設計方案流量值的175%。

　　3)消防水泵工作壓力檢測裝置的計算精密度應是0.5級，**量程的75%應超過較大一臺消防水泵設計壓力值的165%。

　　4)每臺消防水泵出水口應該設定DN65的試自來水管，并應采用排水管道對策。

　　2、消防水泵吸水管和出水口應該設定氣壓表，并應合乎以下要求：

　　1)消防水泵出水口氣壓表的**量程不應小于其設計工作工作壓力的2倍，且不應小于1.60MPa。

　　2)消防水泵吸水管宜設定負壓表、氣壓表或真空表，氣壓表的**量程應依據工程項目詳細情況明確，但不應小于0.70MPa，負壓表的**量程宜為-0.10MPa。

　　3)氣壓表的孔徑不應低于100mm，應選用孔徑不小于6mm的管路與消防水泵進出口貿易管相連，并應設定關閉閘閥。

　　六、水泵操縱規定

　　1、消防水泵控制箱應安裝在消防水泵房或專用型消防水泵操縱房間內，消防水泵控制箱在平常應使消防水泵處在全自動啟泵情況;當全自動水滅火系統為開啟式系統軟件，且設定自動啟動確實有艱難時，經論述后消防水泵可安裝在手動式運行情況，并應保證24h有人力值勤。

　　2、消防水泵不應設定全自動停泵的操縱作用，停泵應由具備管理員權限的管理人員依據火災撲救狀況明確。

　　3、消防水泵應保障從收到啟泵數據信號到水泵正常運轉的自動啟動時長不應超過2min。

　　4、消防水泵控制箱應安裝機械設備緊急啟泵作用，并應確保在控制箱里的控制線路發生故障時由有管理員權限的工作人員在緊急情況時運行消防水泵。機械應急啟動時，應保證消防水泵在報警后5.0min內正常工作。

　　5、消防水泵的兩路開關電源自動切換時長不應超過2s;當一路開關電源與燃氣輪機驅動力的轉換時長不應超過15s。

　　6、消防水泵理應能手動式起停和自動啟動。

　　7、消防水泵、消防穩壓泵應設定就地強制性起停泵按鍵，并應該有保護設備。

　　8、當消防給水系統分區供電選用轉輸消防水泵時，轉輸泵宜在消防水泵運行后重新啟動;當消防給水系統分區供電選用串連消防水泵時，上區消防水泵宜在下區消防水泵運行后重新啟動。(選用消防水泵、轉輸儲水箱串連系統軟件時，從轉輸儲水箱吸水的供水泵先運行，轉輸泵后運行;選用水泵立即串連系統軟件時，轉輸泵先運行，供水泵后運行)

　　9、消防水泵控制箱設定在專用型消防水泵主控室時，其防水等級不應小于IP30;與消防水泵設定在同一區域時，其防水等級不應小于IP55。

　　10、消防水泵控制箱應采用避免被水淹沒的對策。在持續高溫潮濕環境下，消防水泵控制箱內要設定全自動防水去濕的設備。

　　11、消火栓按鈕不能做為直接啟動消防水泵的電源開關，但可做為傳出報警系統的電源開關或運行干試消防噴淋系統的迅速開閉設備等。

　　七、水泵調節規定

　　1、以全自動直接啟動或手動式直接啟動消防水泵時，消防水泵應在55s內資金投入正常運行，且應無欠佳噪音和震動。

　　2、以預留電源切換方法或備用泵轉換運行消防水泵時，消防水泵應各自在1min或2min內資金投入正常運行。

　　3、消防水泵組裝后應開展當場功能測試，其特性應與生產廠商帶來的數據信息相符合，并應達到消防給水設計方案流量和負擔的規定。

　　4、消防水泵零流量時的工作壓力不應超出設計工作工作壓力的140%;當出流量為設計工作流量的150%時，其出口貿易工作壓力不應小于設計工作工作壓力的65%。

　　八、維護管理規定

　　1、每個月應手動式運行消防水泵運轉一次，并應查驗供電電源的狀況。

　　2、每星期應仿真模擬消防水泵自動控制系統的標準自動啟動消防水泵運行一次，且應自動記錄自動巡檢狀況，每個月應檢測記錄。

　　3、每天解決柴油發動機消防水泵的啟動電池的電能開展檢驗，每星期應查驗儲機油箱的儲油量，每個月應手動式運行柴油發動機消防水泵運作一次。

　　4、每個季度解決消防水泵的出流量和負擔開展一次實驗。

　　The fire pump transfers the energy to the drainage through the automatic rotation of the centrifugal impeller, so as to improve the mechanical energy and pressure energy of the water, and transfer them to the automatic fire extinguishing device, so as to meet the water consumption and pressure requirements of various automatic fire extinguishing devices, which is the core of the fire water supply system software. At this stage, centrifugal pumps are often used in the fire water supply system software. Because these pumps have the advantages of wide application fields, many models and specifications, continuous power supply, free flow adjustment, etc.

　　The fire pump here mainly refers to the fire feed pump in the water fire extinguishing system, such as fire pump, stabilized pressure pump, fire safety transfer pump, etc.

　　Today, Preston culture and education will share with you the key points of "installation requirements of fire pump".

　　1、 General provisions

　　1. The characteristics of the fire water pump shall meet the requirements for the flow and burden of the fire water supply system software.

　　2. The output power of the drive equipped with the fire pump shall meet the standard of efficiency required for operation at any point on the characteristic curve of the selected pump flow and pump head.

　　3. When the motor-driven fire pump is selected, the dry test assembled fire pump shall be selected.

　　4. The fire pump shall be dry assembled. The pump shall be stored outside the reservoir. It is not allowed to use a submersible pump to immediately put it in the water to absorb water.

　　5. The head characteristic curve of flow pump shall be a smooth curve without camel peak and turning point. The working pressure at zero flow shall not exceed 140% of the design working pressure, and should exceed 120% of the design working pressure.

　　6. When the outlet flow is 150% of the design flow, the working pressure of the outlet trade shall not be less than 65% of the design working pressure. 7. the sealing mode and data of the pump shaft shall meet the requirements for the operation of the fire pump at low flow.

　　8. The models and specifications of fire water pumps of the same pump group for fire water supply should be consistent, and the number of operating pumps should not exceed 3.

　　9. When several fire pumps are connected in parallel, the harm of flow accumulation to the working pressure at the inlet and outlet of the fire pump shall be checked.

　　2、 Water pump setting regulations

　　1. The specific materials of the fire pump shall meet the following requirements: the pump casing should be nodular graphite casting; Centrifugal impeller should be brass or stainless steel plate.

　　2. The fire water pump shall adopt self filling suction.

　　3. When the fire pump immediately draws water from the municipal pipe network, a backflow preventer with gas decoration partition shall be installed on the outlet of the fire pump.

　　4. When there is no suction well at the suction port, a cyclone preventer shall be set at the suction port

　　5. For a group of fire water pumps, the number of suction pipes shall not be less than two. When one of these pipes is damaged or repaired, the other suction pipes shall still be able to pass through the flow of all fire water supply design schemes.

　　6. The layout of the suction pipe of the fire pump shall prevent the generation of air,

　　7. A group of fire water pumps shall be provided with at least two water main pipes to connect with the fire water supply and distribution pipe network. When one of the water supply pipes is repaired, the other water supply pipes shall still be able to provide the flow of all fire water supply design schemes.

　　8. The swallowing depth of the suction port of the fire pump shall meet the requirements for the safe operation of the fire pump at the lowest water level. The swallowing depth of the suction pipe bottom below the minimum reasonable water level of the fire reservoir shall be determined according to the water flow velocity at the suction pipe bottom and the hydraulic power generation standard, but shall not be less than 600mm. When the cyclone preventer is selected, the swallowing depth shall not be less than 200mm.

　　9. The suction pipe of the fire pump shall be provided with a fire gate valve or a butterfly valve with a self-locking mechanism, but when setting a rising stem gate valve, it shall be equipped with an opening scale and a mark; When the pipe diameter exceeds DN300, the electric control valve should be set.

　　10. The water outlet of fire pump shall be equipped with check valve and fire gate valve; When the butterfly valve is selected, the self-locking mechanism shall be included; When the pipe diameter exceeds DN300, the electric control valve should be set.

　　11. When the diameter of the suction pipe of the fire pump is lower than DN250, its flow speed should be 1.0m/s ~ 1.2m/s; When the aperture exceeds DN250, it should be 1.2m/s ~ 1.6m/s.

　　12. When the aperture of the fire pump outlet is lower than DN250, its flow speed should be 1.5m/s ~ 2.0m/s; When the aperture exceeds DN250, it should be 2.0m/s ~ 2.5m/s.

　　13. The layout of the suction well shall meet the requirements of smooth water flow in the well, uniform flow speed and no vortex, and shall be conducive to installation and construction.

　　14. When the suction pipe and water outlet pipe of the fire pump pass through the wall, the rigid waterproof casing shall be selected; When crossing the regenerated wall and concrete floor, the length of waterproof casing shall not be less than the wall thickness, or shall exceed the floor or floor by 50mm.

　　15. When the suction pipe of the fire pump crosses the regeneration fire reservoir, the waterproof casing shall be selected; When selecting waterproof casing, flexible joint shall be set on the water pump suction pipe, and the pipe diameter shall not exceed DN150.

　　16. The suction pipe of the fire pump can be set with a pipeline filter. The total immersion area of the pipeline filter should be more than 4 times of the total area of the pipeline, and the diameter should not be less than 3mm.

　　3、 Diesel engine fire water pump

　　1. The diesel engine fire pump shall be a compression ignition diesel engine.

　　2. The rated voltage of the diesel engine shall check the harm of the average altitude and temperature to the output power of the diesel engine.

　　3. The diesel engine fire water pump shall have the characteristics of continuous operation, and the test operation time shall not be less than 24h.

　　4. The battery of the diesel engine fire water pump shall ensure that the fire water pump can start automatically at any time.

　　5. The oil supply tank of the diesel engine fire pump shall be determined according to the fire duration, and the minimum effective volume of the oil tank shall be 1.5l/kw. The natural materials stored in the oil tank of the diesel engine fire pump shall not be less than 50% of the storage capacity.

　　4、 Standby pump setting

　　The fire pump shall be set with standby pump, and its characteristics shall be consistent with those of the pump in operation, except for the following engineering buildings:

　　1) For housing with building density lower than 54m and engineering buildings with flow not greater than 25l/s in the design scheme of outdoor fire water supply.

　　2) Engineering buildings with the design flow of fire water supply in the room not greater than 10l/s.

　　5、 Other provisions

　　1. A set of fire pump shall be equipped with flow and stability test equipment in the fire pump house, and shall meet the following requirements:

　　1) When the flow rate of each fire water supply pump shall not exceed 20l/s and the design working pressure shall not be greater than 0.50mpa, the pump set shall be embedded with a flowmeter and a vacuum pressure gauge socket for accurate measurement, and other pump sets shall be equipped with pump set flow and stability test equipment.

　　2) The calculation precision of the fire pump flow detection device shall be class 0.4, and 75% of the maximum range shall exceed 175% of the flow value in the design scheme of a larger fire pump.

　　3) The calculation precision of the working pressure detection device of the fire pump shall be grade 0.5, and 75% of the maximum range shall exceed 165% of the design pressure of the larger fire pump.

　　4) DN65 test water pipe shall be set at the outlet of each fire pump, and drainage pipe countermeasures shall be adopted.

　　2. The suction pipe and water outlet of the fire pump shall be equipped with a barometer, which shall meet the following requirements:

　　1) The maximum range of the air pressure gauge at the outlet of the fire pump shall not be less than 2 times of its design working pressure, and shall not be less than 1.60mpa.

　　2) The suction pipe of the fire pump should be set with a negative pressure gauge, barometer or vacuum gauge. The maximum range of the barometer should be determined according to the details of the project, but not less than 0.70mpa. The maximum range of the negative pressure gauge should be -0.10mpa.

　　3) The aperture of the barometer shall not be less than 100mm. The pipeline with the aperture not less than 6mm shall be selected to connect with the inlet and outlet trade pipes of the fire pump, and the closing gate valve shall be set.

　　6、 Pump operation regulations

　　1. The fire water pump control box shall be installed in the fire water pump room or the special fire water pump operation room. The fire water pump control box shall make the fire water pump in the fully automatic starting condition in normal times; When the full-automatic water fire extinguishing system is an open system software, and it is really difficult to set the automatic start, the fire pump can be installed in the manual operation after discussion, and it shall be ensured that there are human on duty for 24h.

　　2. The operation function of fully automatic pump shutdown shall not be set for the fire pump, and the pump shutdown shall be determined by the management personnel with administrator authority according to the fire fighting situation.

　　3. The fire pump shall ensure that the automatic start-up time from receiving the pump start data signal to the normal operation of the pump shall not exceed 2min.

　　4. The fire pump control box shall be installed with mechanical equipment for emergency pump starting, and it shall be ensured that in case of failure of the control line in the control box, the staff with administrator authority shall operate the fire pump in case of emergency. In case of mechanical emergency startup, the fire pump shall be ensured to work normally within 5.0min after the alarm.

　　5. The automatic switching duration of two-way switching power supply of fire pump shall not exceed 2S; The conversion time between one circuit of switching power supply and the driving force of gas turbine shall not exceed 15s.

　　6. The fire pump should be able to start and stop manually and start automatically.

　　7. The fire pump and fire stabilized pressure pump shall be set with local mandatory start and stop buttons, and shall be equipped with protection equipment.

　　8. When the transfer fire pump is selected for the partition power supply of the fire water supply system, the transfer pump should be restarted after the operation of the fire pump; When the fire water supply system is powered by a series of fire pumps, the fire pump in the upper area should be restarted after the fire pump in the lower area operates. (when the fire water pump and transfer water storage tank are selected to connect the system software in series, the water supply pump that absorbs water from the transfer water storage tank operates first, and the transfer pump operates later; when the water pump is selected to connect the system software in series immediately, the transfer pump operates first, and the water supply pump operates later)

　　9. When the fire pump control box is set in the special fire pump main control room, its waterproof grade shall not be less than IP30; When it is set in the same area as the fire pump, its waterproof grade shall not be less than IP55.

　　10. The fire pump control box shall adopt measures to avoid flooding. Under the continuous high temperature and humidity environment, the fire pump control box shall be equipped with full-automatic waterproof and dehumidification equipment.

　　11. The fire hydrant button can not be used as the power switch for directly starting the fire pump, but can be used as the power switch for sending out the alarm system or the quick opening and closing equipment for running the dry test fire sprinkler system.

　　7、 Regulation of water pump

　　1. When the fire pump is directly started by full-automatic or manual mode, the fire pump shall be put into normal operation within 55s, and there shall be no poor noise and vibration.

　　2. When the reserved power supply switching method or the standby pump is used to switch the fire water pump, the fire water pump shall be put into normal operation within 1min or 2min respectively.

　　3. After the fire pump is assembled, the on-site function test shall be carried out, and its characteristics shall be consistent with the data information brought by the manufacturer, and shall meet the flow and burden requirements of the fire water supply design scheme.

　　4. The working pressure of the fire pump at zero flow shall not exceed 140% of the design working pressure; When the outlet flow is 150% of the design working flow, the outlet trade working pressure shall not be less than 65% of the design working pressure.

　　8、 Maintenance management regulations

　　1. The fire pump shall be operated manually once a month, and the status of power supply shall be checked.

　　2. It shall simulate the standard automatic start-up of the automatic control system of the fire pump once a week, and automatically record the automatic patrol inspection status, and test the records every month.

　　3. Check the electric energy of the starting battery of the diesel engine fire pump every day, check the oil storage capacity of the oil storage tank every week, and manually run the diesel engine fire pump once a month.

　　4. Carry out an experiment every quarter to solve the discharge and burden of the fire pump.