不銹鋼多級潛水泵故障維修方式

　　不銹鋼多級潛水泵關鍵由不銹鋼金屬復合材料制做、用以潛進水中提取地表水已做到輸送物質為目地的泵類，材料有：304不銹鋼潛水泵、316不銹鋼深水井潛水泵、316L不銹鋼潛水泵等，關鍵運用與自然環境相對來說極端、物質有著一定的刺激性的情況中。不銹鋼多級潛水泵在工作中情況下免不了發生一些小問題危害潛水泵的運作，引起一些小問題，差異的常見故障，維修方法也不一樣，此文關鍵匯總了不銹鋼多級潛水泵出現異常有什么狀況和維修方法及其日常的維修應用事宜。

　　不銹鋼多級潛水泵常見問題狀況維修方法

　　1、啟動困難或無法啟動

　　假如蓋上電閘開關，熔斷絲馬上融斷或電機只傳出嗡嗡響而不轉或旋轉麗不做到額定轉速。都歸屬于運行層面的常見故障。一般有電氣設備和機械設備兩方面的因素：

　　電氣設備層面：(1)工作電壓稍低，電機電動機扭矩不足。主要原因是供配電系統自身工作電壓稍低，變壓器大小不足或離水泵很遠，也有可能是供電系統導線截面過小。(2)開關電源一相斷開或一相保險絲熔斷，導致電機二相啟動。(3)電機轉為錯誤，應將三根火線隨意二根開展調接。

　　機械設備層面：(1)啟動前未灌預潤水或預潤水流量不夠，需加灌預潤水。(2)轉動軸與橡膠軸承相互配合不合理，間隙過小。(3)轉動軸彎折或葉輪徑向間隙沒調節適合，造成磨擦或卡死，應開展修補或調節。(4)泵內有臟物卡死葉輪或泵殼和滾動軸承含有沉砂，應立即消除。

　　2、運行后不出水或總流量不大

　　運行后泵旋轉，但不出水或總流量小，應該馬上關機查驗，時長稍長可能會把橡膠軸承燒蝕造成水泵震動。主要原因有：

　　(1)泵殼在水中吞沒深層不足或井中水位降低太多，進水管露出水面而吸進氣體。

　　(2)水里泥沙和物品把進水口、葉輪或導水殼過流道阻塞，在裝泵前務必把泵內或井內臟物清理整潔。

　　(3)葉輪松動、轉動軸或泵軸破裂導致軸轉葉輪不轉動。這種問題是泵殼安裝不善或徑向間隙調整過多產生的。

　　(4)出水口破裂、脫口，造成很多滲水，導致水流量減少或不出水。

　　3、深井泵運行時產生劇烈震動

　　(1)啟動時產生震動有可能是沒加預潤水或添加水流量不夠，應該馬上關機充注預潤水，以防出現干磨擦使橡膠軸承持續高溫后抱軸。

　　(2)轉動軸徑向間隙過小，使葉輪和導水殼造成機械設備磨擦和撞擊，造成震動，應該馬上關機查驗。

　　(3)轉動軸彎折或橡膠軸承過多損壞，喪失支撐功效，使轉動軸晃動，應檢測轉動軸并開展調直。

　　(4)井管不豎直，將轉動軸和供水管道擠彎造成震動，應卸掉深井泵矯直井管。

　　4、深井泵運作情況下輸出功率擴大

　　如果發現配電箱上電流計或功率因數表讀值忽然**，表明深井泵電機功率擴大，電機負載。應該馬上查明原因，開展解決，盡可能減少電機負載時長，以防損壞電機。水泵電機功率擴大的因素：

　　(1)葉輪徑向間隙過小，使葉輪與導水殼造成機械設備磨擦，應關機調節間隙。

　　(2)填充料過緊，盡可能旋松旋蓋螺帽。

　　(3)電機軸承毀壞，應拆換滾動軸承。

　　(4)水里含泥沙量大，運行構件被泥沙阻塞，應拆泵壓井。

　　不銹鋼多級潛水泵維修步驟：

　　1、不銹鋼多級潛水泵的大修

　　1)機封：拆換、清理

　　2)查驗滾動軸承和紋孔，拆換絕緣油

　　3)清除在運作中常發覺的缺點和漏水，定期檢查擰緊各處地腳螺栓。

　　4)清理并維修隸屬閘閥

　　2、不銹鋼多級潛水泵的大中修：

　　1)包含大修具體內容。

　　2)維修機封，維修并拆換零件。

　　3)瓦解、檢測各零部件的損壞、浸蝕和磨蝕水平，給予修補或替換。

　　4)查驗軸的損壞、浸蝕和平行度，開展修補或替換。

　　5)查驗滾動軸承的破損狀況，修磨活塞銷，調節間隙，及其拆換滾動軸承。

　　6)檢測與調節葉輪密封圈，聯軸器、旋蓋、水泵密封等各處間隙。

　　7)查驗葉輪的平衡和轉子的轉子動平衡。

　　8)查驗、清理及其維修電機。

　　3、不銹鋼多級潛水泵的維修：

　　1)包含大中修具體內容

　　2)更、好葉輪

　　3)拆換泵軸

　　4)泵殼測厚、評定，做必需的維修

　　5)精確測量和調節泵殼的平整度，防銹處理防腐蝕。

　　不銹鋼多級潛水泵的正確使用

　　1、開啟前查驗

　　1)查驗不銹鋼多級潛水泵的轉為是否正確，各一部分連接螺絲是不是扭緊：填充料旋蓋松緊度是不是適度;家用電器路線、同步帶傳動設備是不是符合規定;耐腐蝕泵止逆設備是不是可以信賴;電機軸承、傳動系統及其泵座的潤化狀況。

　　2)查驗潛水泵徑向間隙是不是調整好。運行前務必調整葉輪與葉殼中間的徑向間隙.使葉輪在運行時不與葉殼磨擦又能做到性能要求。深井泵是選用調節螺帽來調整徑向間隙的。要檢查徑向間隙調節螺帽上的精準定位螺絲是不是扭緊，若松脫應該馬上扭緊。

　　3)查驗橡膠軸承的事先潤化狀況。由于井內靜水位線較深。啟動時轉動軸與橡膠軸承中間會造成干磨擦，引發震動和滾動軸承損壞，因此深井泵啟動前必需對轉動軸的橡膠軸承放水事先潤化。

　　2、不銹鋼多級潛水泵的運行、運轉和關機

　　1)運行。啟動時可將閘閥打開，深井泵一般選用降壓啟動，按壓“運行”按鍵，電機在較低壓下降壓啟動。

　　2)運作。潛水泵運行幾秒至數十秒后.水泵轉速比貼近正常的，就可以按住“運行”按鍵，電機馬上進到正常的轉速比下運作，多級離心泵正常的出水量。運行中應注意觀察電流計、電流表及有關儀表盤的標示。隨時隨地留意水泵運行是不是平穩，水流量是否正常，留意井中水位轉變狀況，按時精確測量靜、動水位線。河水位太過減少，使葉較吞沒深層不足，吸進氣體，毀壞水泵的正常運行，乃至不可以打水并損壞橡膠軸承。運行時還需要注意出水量含泥沙量，很多泥沙被水泵吸人后.會引起設備故障并使電機過載。截止閥應漸漸地開啟，以防大幅度揚水，應當邊留意冒出的沙量，邊開啟截止閥。

　　3)關機。按住運行管道補償器的“終止”按鍵，就可以完成不銹鋼多級潛水泵的關機。關機前須先關掉出水口上的截止閥，再切斷電源。關機后供水管道里的水沒所有流回井中時，不可再次啟動水泵，以防啟動輸出功率太大，發生故障。一般應間歇性10-15min后，才可以重新開機。

　　Maintenance of stainless steel multistage submersible pump

　　Stainless steel multi-stage submersible pumps are mainly made of stainless steel metal composite materials, which are used for diving into the water to extract surface water and to transport substances. The materials include 304 stainless steel submersible pumps, 316 stainless steel deep-water well submersible pumps, 316L stainless steel submersible pumps, etc. the key applications are in extreme and irritating conditions relative to the natural environment. When the stainless steel multi-stage submersible pump is working, some small problems inevitably occur, which endanger the operation of the submersible pump, cause some small problems, common faults of differences, and different maintenance methods. This paper mainly summarizes the abnormal conditions of the stainless steel multi-stage submersible pump, the maintenance methods and their daily maintenance and Application.

　　Common problems and maintenance methods of stainless steel multistage submersible pump

　　1. Difficult or unable to start

　　If the electric switch is covered, the fuse will break immediately or the motor will only make a buzzing sound without rotating or the rotating speed will not reach the rated speed. All belong to common faults at the operation level. Generally, there are two factors: electrical equipment and mechanical equipment:

　　Electrical equipment level: (1) the working voltage is slightly low, and the motor torque is insufficient. The main reason is that the working voltage of the power supply and distribution system is slightly low, the transformer is not large enough or far from the water pump, or the conductor section of the power supply system is too small. (2) One phase of switching power supply is disconnected or one phase fuse is blown, resulting in two-phase starting of motor. (3) If the motor turns to error, two of the three live wires shall be connected at random.

　　At the mechanical equipment level: (1) pre moistening water is not injected before startup or the flow of pre moistening water is insufficient, so pre moistening water needs to be injected. (2) The coordination between the rotating shaft and the rubber bearing is unreasonable, and the clearance is too small. (3) If the rotating shaft is bent or the radial clearance of the impeller is not adjusted properly, resulting in friction or jamming, repair or adjustment shall be carried out. (4) The impeller is blocked by dirt in the pump or the pump shell and rolling bearing contain grit, which should be eliminated immediately.

　　2. No water outlet or small total flow after operation

　　After operation, the pump rotates, but there is no water or the total flow is small. It should be shut down immediately for inspection. If the time is a little longer, the rubber bearing may be ablated and the pump may vibrate. The main reasons are:

　　(1) The pump casing does not engulf the deep enough in the water or the water level in the well drops too much, and the water inlet pipe emerges from the water surface to suck in gas.

　　(2) Sediment and articles in the water block the water inlet, impeller or water guide housing passage. Be sure to clean up the dirt in the pump or well before installing the pump.

　　(3) The impeller is loose, the rotating shaft or the pump shaft is broken, resulting in the shaft rotating impeller does not rotate. This problem is caused by poor installation of pump casing or excessive adjustment of radial clearance.

　　(4) The water outlet is broken and separated, resulting in a lot of water seepage, resulting in reduced water flow or no water.

　　3. Severe vibration during operation of deep well pump

　　(1) When starting, the vibration may be caused by not adding pre moistening water or insufficient water flow. The machine should be shut down and filled with pre moistening water immediately to prevent dry friction from causing the rubber bearing to hold after continuous high temperature.

　　(2) If the radial clearance of the rotating shaft is too small, which causes friction and impact of the impeller and the water guide housing, resulting in vibration, it should be shut down immediately for inspection.

　　(3) If the rotating shaft is bent or the rubber bearing is damaged too much, the support function is lost, and the rotating shaft shakes, the rotating shaft shall be inspected and straightened.

　　(4) If the well pipe is not vertical, and the rotating shaft and water supply pipe are squeezed and bent to cause vibration, the deep well pump shall be removed to straighten the well pipe.

　　4. Output power expansion under operation of deep well pump

　　If the reading value of ammeter or power factor meter on the distribution box suddenly increases, it indicates that the motor power of deep well pump is expanded and the motor load is increased. The cause should be found out immediately and solved to reduce the load duration of the motor as far as possible to prevent damage to the motor. Factors of pump motor power expansion:

　　(1) The radial clearance of the impeller is too small, which causes friction between the impeller and the water guide housing. The clearance shall be adjusted by shutting down the machine.

　　(2) If the filling material is too tight, loosen the screw cap as much as possible.

　　(3) If the motor bearing is damaged, the rolling bearing shall be replaced.

　　(4) The water contains a large amount of sediment, and the operating components are blocked by sediment, so the pump should be removed for well killing.

　　Maintenance steps for stainless steel multi-stage submersible pump:

　　1. Overhaul of stainless steel multistage submersible pump

　　1) Mechanical seal: replacement and cleaning

　　2) Check the rolling bearings and grooves and replace the insulating oil

　　3) Remove the defects and water leakage often found in operation, and regularly check and tighten the anchor bolts at all places.

　　4) Clean and repair the attached gate valve

　　2. Overhaul of stainless steel multi-stage submersible pump:

　　1) Including overhaul details.

　　2) Repair mechanical seal, repair and replace parts.

　　3) Disintegrate, test the damage, corrosion and abrasion level of all parts and components, and repair or replace them.

　　4) Check the damage, corrosion and parallelism of the shaft, and carry out repair or replacement.

　　5) Check the damage condition of the rolling bearing, repair the piston pin, adjust the clearance, and replace the rolling bearing.

　　6) Check and adjust the clearance of impeller sealing ring, coupling, screw cap, water pump seal, etc.

　　7) Check the balance of the impeller and the dynamic balance of the rotor.

　　8) Inspect, clean and repair the motor.

　　3. Maintenance of stainless steel multi-stage submersible pump:

　　1) Including specific contents of large and medium-sized maintenance

　　2) Better impeller

　　3) Replace the pump shaft

　　4) Thickness measurement and evaluation of pump casing and necessary maintenance

　　5) Accurately measure and adjust the flatness of the pump casing, and carry out anti rust treatment and anti-corrosion.

　　Correct use of stainless steel multistage submersible pump

　　1. Inspection before opening

　　1) Check whether the rotation of the stainless steel multi-stage submersible pump is correct, whether the connecting screws of each part are tightened, and whether the tightness of the filler screw cap is appropriate; Whether the route of household appliances and synchronous belt transmission equipment meet the requirements; Whether the anti-corrosion pump check equipment can be trusted; Lubrication condition of motor bearing, transmission system and pump seat.

　　2) Check whether the radial clearance of submersible pump is properly adjusted. Be sure to adjust the radial clearance between the impeller and the blade casing before operation The impeller can meet the performance requirements without friction with the blade shell during operation. Deep well pump adopts adjusting nut to adjust radial clearance. Check whether the precise positioning screw on the radial clearance adjusting nut is tightened. If it is loose, tighten it immediately.

　　3) Check the pre wetting condition of rubber bearings. Due to the deep static water level in the well. During startup, dry friction will be caused between the rotating shaft and the rubber bearing, causing vibration and damage to the rolling bearing. Therefore, the rubber bearing of the rotating shaft must be moistened before starting the deep well pump.

　　2. Operation, operation and shutdown of stainless steel multistage submersible pump

　　1) Operation. When starting, the gate valve can be opened. Generally, the deep well pump is started by depressurization. Press the "run" button, and the motor is started by depressurization under low pressure.

　　2) Operation. The submersible pump runs for several seconds to tens of seconds When the speed ratio of the water pump is close to normal, you can press and hold the "run" button, and the motor will immediately enter the normal speed ratio for operation. The normal water output of the multi-stage centrifugal pump. During operation, pay attention to the marks of ammeter, ammeter and relevant instrument panels. Pay attention to whether the water pump operates stably and whether the water flow is normal at any time, pay attention to the change of water level in the well, and accurately measure the static and dynamic water levels on time. The water level of the river is too low, which makes the leaves engulf the deep enough to suck in gas, which destroys the normal operation of the water pump, and even cannot draw water and damage the rubber bearing. During operation, it is also necessary to pay attention to the sediment content of water output. A lot of sediment is sucked by the water pump It will cause equipment failure and overload the motor. The stop valve shall be opened gradually to prevent large-scale water lifting. The stop valve shall be opened while paying attention to the amount of sand emerging.

　　3) Shut down. Press and hold the "stop" button of the operating pipeline compensator to complete the shutdown of the stainless steel multi-stage submersible pump. Shut off the stop valve on the water outlet before shutting down the machine, and then cut off the power supply. When the water in the water supply pipeline does not flow back to the well after shutdown, do not start the water pump again to prevent failure due to too large starting output power. Generally, restart the machine after 10-15min intermittence.